steam bun音标,粤语备胎的胎怎么发音?
声母
b波 p婆 m摸 f科 d多 t拖 n挪 l罗
1、b 发音时上下唇闭拢,闭住一口气,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出来,与普通话中b的发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的b相对应。我们还是看一些例子吧,(汉字后面是广州话拼音,上标表示声调,注意这是粤语的声调,不是普通话的声调。
点击可听到发音)。
班ban1 波bo1 杯bui1 把ba2 表biu2
2、p 发音时口形与b相同,但从双唇冲出的气流较强(语言学上所谓不送气与送气之分),与普通话中p的发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的p相对应。
例
怕pa3 破po3 皮péi4 平ping4 排pai4
3、m 发音时先将嘴唇闭拢,声带振动,让气流从鼻孔出来,然后滑向韵母,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的m相对应。例:
摩mo1 妈ma1 埋mai4 问men6 名ming4
4、f 发音时下嘴唇紧贴上门齿,让气流从唇齿间挤出来,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也与普通话的f、k、h相对应。
例:
花fa1 分fen1 快fai3 火fo2 风fung1
5、d 发音时舌尖顶住牙床,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的d相对应。例:
大dai6 地déi6 丁ding1 多do1 当dong1
6、t 发音时口形与d相同,但冲出的气流较强,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的t相对应。
例
条tiu4 他ta1 拖to1 土tou2 叹tan3
7、n 发音时舌尖顶住上牙床,声带振动,让气流从鼻孔出来,然后滑向韵母,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的n相对应。例:
你néi2 难nan4 努nou5 暖nün5 懦no6
注意:n在广州话中通常与l相混,把声母为n的都念为l如“你”念成“里”,“难”念成“兰”。
这是一种“懒音”现象。
8、l 发音时舌尖顶住上牙床,声带振动,让气流从舌边流出,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的l相对应,如上述,普通话读n的字在广州话中也可以读l。例:
烂lan6 了liu5 老lou5 龙lung4 乱lün6
g哥 k卡 gu姑 ku箍 ng我 h何
1、g 发音时先让舌跟顶住上腭后部,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出来,与普通话发音相同,与所管的字普通话g、j部分对应。
例:
哥go1 跟gen1 工gung1 家ga1 经ging1
2、k 发音口形与g相同,只是冲出的气流较强,与普通话发音相同,所管的字与普通话的k、q、j部分对应。例:
抗kong3 卡ka1 其kéi4 倾king1 距kêu5
3、gu 发音时舌位与g相同,只是嘴唇圆拢,很像普通话的音节gu,但在粤语中它是作为声母使用,所管字与普通话声母为g、介韵为u的字对应。
例:
关guan1 广guong2 瓜gua1 贵guei3 怪guai3
4、ku 发音时舌位时k相同,只是嘴唇圆拢,很像普通话的音节ku,但在粤语中它是作为声母使用,所管字与普通话声母和k、介韵为u的字对应。
例:
跨kua1 困kuen3 群kuen4 亏kuei1 旷kuong3
5、ng 发音时舌跟顶住上腭后部,即与发g时将同,但舌头保持不动,让气流从鼻腔流出,然后滑向韵母。普通话中没有这个声母,但有以这个音为韵尾的韵母,其实它们舌位是相同的,发普通话韵母ang时,到最后ng那个鼻音就是这个音,只不过在粤语中这个可以作声母,后面再与韵母相拼,大家要细心体会。
ng所管的字与普通话“零声母”对应,零声母指没有声母。y、w开头的音节也算是“零声母”,部分与ng对应。例:
安ngon1 牛ngeo4 暗ngem3 我ngo5 瓦nga5
注意:粤语中也有“零声母”,而且,粤语中零声母与声母ng有相混的现象(几个语气助词,如啊、哦,唉等除外),ng声母的字经常被读成零声母字,如安on1 我o5,读零声母的趋势在年轻人特别是香港的年轻人中尤为明显,这也是一种懒音现象。
6、h 发音时口微张开,舌跟放松稍向后,作呵气的样子,让气流从口中呼出。这个音与普通话中的h很相似,但又不相同,区别在于粤语的h不必像普通话那样舌跟顶住后腭产生摩擦,发音时尽量放松,与英语中的h相同。h所管的字与普通话h、x部分对应。
例:
哈ha1 海hoi2 汉hon3 希héi1 香hêng1
j知 q雌 x思 z左 c初 s梳
这里有两组声母,即j、q、x和z、c、x,其实只能说是一组,因为j、q、x和z、c、x的发音是完全相同的,不像普通话那样有分别。
但为什么还要设立两组声母呢?为的是使拼式尽量与普通话接近,便于学习。其中j、q、x与i、ü开头的韵母相平,而z、c、x,则与其他的韵母相拼。至于这组声母的发音,还是由我详细为大家解释。
1、z(j) 发音时舌尖靠齿背,靠近舌尖的舌面向上牙床和硬腭前部靠拢,然后稍微离开,让较弱的气流挤出产生摩擦。
这个音既不是普通话的z也不是普通话的j,而是介于两者之间,即舌头比z又要后一点,比j要前一点。z(j)管字大致与普通话的z、zh、j对应。例:
在zoi6 早zou2 之ji1 站zam6 箭jin3
c(q) 发音时舌位与z(j)相同,但冲出的气流较强,形成“送气音”,像z(j)一样,c(q)是介于普通话话c与q之间的一个音。
c(q)管字大致与普通话c、ch、q对应。例:
次qi3 错co3 长cêng4 车cé1 情qing4
s(x) 发音时舌尖及靠近舌尖的舌面向上牙床和硬腭前部靠近,之间形成一道窄缝,让气流从中挤出。
s(x)是介于普通话s和x之间的一个音。s(x)管字大致与普通话s、sh、x对应。例:
三sam1 四séi3 沙sa1 山san1 先xin1
j、q、x和z、c、x是发音完全一样的,不是两组声母。
如果你觉得准确把握它们的发音可以较难,那么你不妨就把他们读作普通话的z、c、s吧,其实差别不大,只是听起来好像“尖”了一点,慢慢体会吧,“欲速则不达”。
y也 w华
y 发音时舌面中前部尽量向硬腭抬起,声带振动,气流呼出时产生较轻的磨擦。
这个音很像普通话中的y,但磨擦稍强。y在普通话中只是i的变体,不是声母,而在粤语中y是一个声母。y管字与普通话y开头的字对应。例:
衣yi1 圆yun4 人yen4 又yeo6 要yiu3
w 发音时双唇圆拢,舌根高提,靠近软腭,气流呼出时产生轻微的磨擦。
像y一样,w在粤语中是作为声母,而在普通话w中只是作为u的变体,w的发音也与普通话中的w向相似,只是嘴唇收拢较紧,磨擦稍强。w管字与普通话w开头及读音为yun的字对应。例:
乌wu1 弯wan1 王wong4 为wei4 云wen4
韵母
a呀 o柯 u乌 i衣 ū于 ê(靴) é诶
a 发音时嘴张大,舌头位置放得很低,嘴唇呈自然状态,不圆,让气流呼出。
比普通话a张口稍大。管字与普通话a、ia、ua对应。例:
花fa1 他ta1 家ga1 华wa4 马ma5
o 发音时舌头略向后缩,嘴唇拢圆,让气流呼出。比普通话o张口更大。管字与普通话o、uo、e对应。
例:
播bo3 火fo2 多do1 贺ho6 和wo4
u 发音时舌头向后缩,舌后部抬高,接近软腭,双唇尽量拢成圆形,向前突出,中间只留一个小孔让气流呼出。与普通话的u大体相同。管字对应于普通话u的部分字。
例:
姑gu1 古gu2 夫fu1 富fu3 苦fu2
i 发音时舌尖抬高,逼近齿背,舌面前部抬高,接近软腭,嘴唇不圆,与普通话i大体相同。管字与普通话i部分字给er对应。例:
诗xi1 丝xi1 知ji1 痴qi1 儿yi4
ü 发音舌位与i相同,只是嘴唇像u一样圆拢,与普通话ü大体相同。
管字与普通话zh、ch、sh、r双拼的u及音节yu。ü与相拼j、q、x、y时省略两点。例:
住ju6 处qu5 鼠xu2 如yu4 遇yu6
ê 发音时舌位与é相同,张口比é稍大,嘴唇圆拢,让气流呼出。
这个音普通话中没有,对北方人来说有点难度,发音关键之处是圆唇。ê管字很少,普通话的üe、uo部分对应。例:
靴hê1 朵dê2
é 发音时口微张,舌尖下垂至下齿背,舌面前面向硬腭前部抬起,嘴唇不圆,让气流呼出。
与普通话的ê(唉,ie的韵腹或ei的韵头)相同。管字与普通话的ie,e部分对应。例:
夜yé6 谢zé6 写sé2 车cé1 社sé5
ai挨 ei矮 oi哀 ui会 iu妖 éi(非)
ai 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后音i。
与普通话中ai发音相近,但其中a比普通话ai中的a张口稍大,口音i张口也较大。管字与普通话ai部分对应。例:
摆bai2 排pai4 猜cai1 怀wai4 快fai3
ei 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后音i。
ei不是普通话中的ei,普通话中没有这个音,e与普通话中的e发音不同,e发音有点像a,但张口比a小,舌头靠后,发音也比a短。管字主要与普通话i对应。例:
丽lei6 米mei5 制zei3 世sei3 系hei6
oi 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后音i。
oi这个音虽然在普通话中没有,但它构成的音素短简单,因此应该不难掌握,与英语boy中后面的音相同。管字与普通话ai部分对应。例:
代doi6 该goi1 来loi4 菜coi3 台toi4
ui 发音时先发前音u,然后滑向后音i。
粤语ui与普通话ui不同,普通话ui是uei的简写,不是真正的u i,粤语才是真正的ui,注意分辩。管字与普通话ei、ui部分对应。例:
每mui5 杯bui1 培pui4 灰fui1 回wui4
iu 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向后音u。
这个音与普通话中的iu有点相似,但又不相同,普通话中的iu是iou的简写(但在一些音节,如xiu、jiu中o的发音很微弱),因此发粤语的iu要注意中间不要带这个o音。管字与普通话ao、iao部分对应。例:
超qiu1 少xiu3 照jiu3 表biu2 鸟niu5
éi 发音时先发前音é,然后滑向后音i。
éi发音与普通话中ei大体相同。管字主要与普通话i和ei对应。例:
记géi3 起héi2 四séi3 美méi5 非féi1
ao拗 eo欧 ou奥 êu(去)
ao 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后音u。
ao的前音a比普通话a张口稍大,后音其实不是o(设计方案时为了避免au与an手写体混淆,故作ao)也不纯粹是u,而是比u张口大一点的一个元音国际音标作大写的〔U]。总的说来,这个音与普通话ao发音相近,只要发音时张口稍大一点就可以了。管钟肫胀ɑ瘾o、iao部分对应。
例:
搞gao2 考hao2 包bao1 交gao1 校hao6
eo 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后音u,e如前一课所述,它不是普通话中的e,而是一个张口较小、发音较短的a音,后音不是o而是u(设计成eo同样是为了避免手写时与en混淆),这个u张口比ao中的u要小,比较接近纯粹的u音。
普通话中没有eo这个音,它听起来像是介于ao与ou的音。管住大致对应普通话ou、iu及u的少数字。例:
后heo6 够geo3 又yeo6 九geo2 浮feo4
ou 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后音u。
这个音与普通话中的ou大体相同。管字与普通话ao、u部分对应。例:到dou3 号hou6 高gou1 度dou6 数sou3
êu 发音时先发前ê,然后滑向后音ü。后音其实是ü而不是u(设计成êu是为了减少附加符号),普通话中没有这个韵母,发好这个音关键是发好ê这个音。
管字与普通话ü部分对应。例:虚hêu1 去hêu3 吕lêu5 追zêu1 居gêu1
an晏 en(恩) on安 un碗 in烟 ūn冤 ên(春)
an 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音和普通话中的an筇逑嗤?9茏钟肫胀ɑ瘾n、ian、uan部分对应。
例:办ban6 产can2 间gan1 限han6 还wan4
en 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向鼻音n。和前边和带e韵母一样,这个e不是普通话的e,它是张口较少,发音较短的a音,它的张口又要比普通话的e大,舌头靠前一点,粤语en这个音听起来像介于普通话an和en之间。
管字与普通话en、in、ün部分对应。例:奔ben1 粉fen2 因yen1 斤gen1 军guen1
on 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向鼻音n。普通话中虽然没有这个音,但它构成很简单,应该不难掌握,和英语John后面的音大体相同。
管字与普通话an部分对应。
按on3 罕hon2 干gon1 汉hon3 寒hon4
un 发音时先发前音u,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音与普通话un不同,普通话un是uen的简写,中间有一个e音,发粤语的un时,注意中间不要带e音,发完u后迅速转向鼻音n。
管字与普通话an、uan、en部分对应。例:
半bun3 满mun5 欢fun1 官gun1 本bun2
in 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向鼻音n。in的与普通话的in大体相同。管字与普通话ian部分对应。
例:边bin1 浅qin2 电din6 见gin3 年nin4
ün 发音时先发前音ü,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音与普通话的ün大体相同。管字与普通话uan、üan、un部分对应。与相拼j、q、x、y时ü上两点省略例:船xun4 乱lün6 娟gün1 原yun4 村qun1
ên 发音时先发前ê,然后滑向鼻音n。
管字与普通话un、ün、in部分对应。例:春cên1 唇sên4 俊zên3 迅sên3 进zên3
ang(横) eng莺 ong(康) ung瓮 ing英 êng(香) éng(镜)
ang 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后鼻音ng。
这个音与普通话的ang发音大体相同,只是a张口稍大。这个韵母管字不多,与普通话eng部分对应,猛mang2 孟mang6 冷lang5 鹏pang4 横wang4
eng 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后鼻音ng。这个韵母与普通话eng不同,前边已经说过多次,粤语中的e不同于普通话的e,它是张口较小,发音较短的a音,但比普通话e张口要大,因此eng像是介于普通话ang和eng之间。
管字与普通话eng、ing部分对应。例:层ceng4 能neng4 赠zeng6 凭peng4 幸heng6
ong 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后鼻音ng。粤语的ong与普通话的ong完全不同,与普通话ong对应的是ung,不过如果你学习过英语的话,我想你不会对这个音感到陌生,英语中long后边的音就是ong。
ong管字与普通话ang、iang、uang部分对应。例:刚gong1 当dong1 江gong1 降gong3 黄wong4
4、ung 发音时先发前u,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ung与普通话ong发音接近,只是ung张口稍大。
管字与普通话ong及eng部分对应。例:东dung1 红hung4 龙lung4 风fung1 碰pung3
5、ing 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ing中的i比单韵母i张口稍大,因此ing发音不同于普通话的ing,像是介于普通话ing、eng之间的音。
管字大致与普通话ing、eng对应。例:英ying1 兴hing1 经ging1 称qing1 成xing4
6、êng 发音时先发前音ê,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ê这个音已经出现了可几次,应该不陌生了,êng中的ê和其他复合韵母一样。
êng管字与普通话ang、iang部分对应。例:常sêng4 长cêng4 张zêng1 两lêng5 娘nêng4
éng 发音时先发前音é,然后滑向后鼻音ng。éng这个韵母管字很少,主要是少数字的口语读音,与普通话ing部分对应。
例:病béng6 请céng2 镜géng3 饼béng2 井zéng2 am(监) em庵 im淹
am 发音时先发前音a然后滑向双唇鼻音m。这组韵母的难点就在于双唇鼻音m这个韵尾,因为普通话中并没有这个韵尾,关键是发音到最后要把嘴闭起来。
管字与普通话an、ian部分,担dam1 男nam4 蓝lam4 咸ham4 减gam2
em 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向双唇鼻音m。e这个音前边已经讲述多次,不必再说了,要发好这个音,关键还是发音到最后要闭嘴。管字与普通话in、en、an部分对应。
例:心sem1 金gem1 深sem1 怎zem2 敢gem2
im 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向双唇鼻音m。这个韵母听起来有点像in不同的地方就在于发音到最后双唇闭合。管字与普通话an、ian部分对应。例:占jim3 染yim5 兼gim1 点dim2 甜tim4
在古代汉语中是存在m韵尾的,但再现在北方话中,m韵尾已经归并到n中,因此,学习广东话不但掌握这些韵母较难,而且要分辨哪些字是n韵尾,哪些字是m韵尾更难,所以大家要多看多记。
ad押 ed(不) od(渴) ud活 id热 üd月 êd(律)
以b、d、g三个辅音字母结尾的韵母在语言学上称为“促声韵”。促声韵在现代北方话中已经消失。
ad 发音时先发前音a,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。
管字与普通话a、ia、ua部分对应。例:八bad3 发fad3 杀sad3 压ngad3 滑wad6
ed 发音时先发前音e,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。ed听起来有点像ad,但比ad张口小而且发音较短。
管字与普通话a、üe、i、u部分对应。例:拔bed6 罚fed6 掘gued6 一yed1 不bed1
od 发音时先发前音o,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。od管字极少,与普通话e部分对应。
例:葛god3 喝hod3 渴hod3 割god3
ud 发音时先发前音u,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话o、uo部分字对应,例:拨bud6 没mud6 沫mud6 活wud6 阔fud3
id 发音时先发前音i,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。
管字与普通话e、ie部分对应。例:热yid6 舌xid3 设qid3 别bid6 洁gid3
üd 发音时先发前音ü,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话uo、üe部分对应。
在与j、q、x、y相拼时上ü两点省略。例:说xud3 夺düd3 脱tüd3 月yud6 决küd3
êd 发音时先发前音ê,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。其中ê比单韵母ê张口稍大。
管字与普通话ü、uai、i部分对应。例:律lêd6 率sêd1 恤sêd1 摔sêd1 栗lêd6
ag(客) eg(德) og恶 ug屋 ig益 êg(约) ég(尺)
ag 发音时先发前音a,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。
管字与普通话a、ua、o、uo、e、i、ai部分对应,例:帕pag3 划wag6 伯bag3 或wag6 册cag3
eg 发音时先发前音e,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。eg发音与ag相似,但张口较小,发音较短。
管字与普通话o、e、ai、ei部分对应。例:墨meg6 得deg1 麦meg6 北beg1 黑heg1
og 发音时先发前音o,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话o、e、üe、u、ao部分对应。
例:薄bog6 各gog3 角gog3 扑pog3 剥mog1
ug 发音时先发前音u,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话u、ü、ou、iu部分对应。例:毒dug6 福fug1 绿lug6 肉yug6 六lug6
ig 发音时先发前音i,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。
其中i的发音比单韵母i张口稍大。管字与普通话e、i、ü部分对应。例:的dig1 色xig1 亿yig1 激gig1 域wig6
êg 发音时先发前音ê,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。
管字与普通话uo、üe、iao部分对应。例:若yêg6 桌zêg3 却kêg3 约yêg3 脚gêg3
ég 发音时先发前音é,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话i部分对应。
例:只zég3 石ség6 吃hég3 笛dég6 脊zég3 ab鸭 eb(急) ib叶
ab 发音时先发前音a,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。管字与普通话a、ia部分对应。例:插cab3 答dab3 腊lab3 甲gab3 鸭ngab3
eb 发音时先发前音e,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。
eb发音与ab相近,但张口比ab小,发音较短。管字与普通话e、i部分对应。例:合heb6 汁zeb1 湿seb1 急geb1 给keb1
ib 发音时先发前音i,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。管字与普通话e、ie部分对应。
例:摄xib3 接jib3 劫gib3 协hib6 业yib6 m唔 ng五,这是两个很特殊的韵母,称为自成音节鼻音韵母。
m 发音时双唇闭合,让气流从鼻腔呼出。这是一个自成音节的鼻音韵母,不再与其他声母相拼。在粤语中m这个音节只有一个字“唔”(不),但它非常常用。
唔m4
ng 发音时舌跟顶住上腭后部,让气流从鼻腔呼出。ng也是一个自成音节的鼻音韵母,不再与其他声母双拼。在粤语中ng这个音节的字很少,与普通话音节wu部分对应。例:误ng6 午ng5 吴ng4 五ng5 伍ng5 ai3曱zai2(蟑螂)乸(母,如母猪:猪乸)。
如何学习音标?
音标是学习英语的第一步,想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标,这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前,我们要先知道国际音标有48个,元音有20个,辅音有28个,元音又分为单元音和双元音,单元音有12个,双元音有8个。
音标数目
在上表中,我们可以看到音标有48个,现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。
可以点击下面链接学习音标。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
元音部分
辅音部分
音标的分类
最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。
英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。
20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;
7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];
8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;
注意:
1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;
2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。
28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/
半元音 /j/ /w/
边音 /ǀ/
发音技巧
长元音
点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标(长元音)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》
5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。
(1)/i:/发音技巧:
发音时舌尖抵下齿,口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长,就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。
单词举例:bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂;see [siː] v. 看见,参看
(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:
/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!
单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆
(3)/u:/发音技巧
发这个音时双唇用力向前突出,有点像拉长了音说“乌”,但要注意,“乌”的口形较扁。
单词举例:moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮;room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间
(4)/a:/发音技巧
发音时口张大,双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子,说“啊”,看看嘴巴张得够不够大,记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。
单词举例:ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问; far [fa:r] adj. 远的
(5)/ɔ:/发音技巧
发这个音时,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出,发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音,记住:长元音一定要拉长,发出来才好听。
单词举例:door [dɔ:r] n. 门; short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的
短元音
点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读?】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》
7个短元音:/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/
(1)/i/发音技巧
它是个短元音,发音要短促而轻快。
单词举例:big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的;Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于
(2)/ə/发音技巧
发音时舌身平放,双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。
单词举例:teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师; mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
(3)/ɔ/ 发音技巧
这是一个短元音,发音一定要短,发音比/ɔ:/短一些,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出。
单词举例:dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙;hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的
(4)/u/ 发音技巧
发音时双唇收圆,稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”,但没发完就给打断了一样。
单词举例:book [bʊk] n. 书,卷;cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮
(5)/ʌ/ 发音技巧
发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。
单词举例:brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥,弟弟;mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
(6)/e/发音技巧
发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”,同时发出声音。
单词举例:leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱; desk [desk] n. 书桌
(7)/æ/发音技巧
发音时,双唇向两边平伸,张开嘴,嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚,尽可能夸张。
单词举例:bad [bæd] :adj. 坏的,不好的;cat [kæt] :n. 猫,猫科动物
双元音
点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》
8个双元音发音技巧:/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/
(1)/eɪ/发音技巧
该音是个双元音,发音时双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。
单词举例:say[sei] v.说;delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟
(2)/aɪ/发音技巧
发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,接近于英文字母中的“I”。
单词举例:ice [ais] n. 冰,雪糕;side [said] n. 面,边
(3)/ɔɪ/发音技巧
发音时双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。
单词举例:oil [ɔil] n. 油,石油;noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音,嘈杂声
(4)/ɪə/发音技巧
发声时,由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中,接近于汉语发音“一呃”。
单词举例:fear [fɪər] :n. 害怕,可能性;dear [dɪər] :adj. 亲爱的
(5)/eə/发音技巧
接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。
单词举例:bear [bɛə] :n. 熊;wear [wɛə] :vt. 穿着
(6)/ʊə/发音技巧
第一个是“短乌音”/u/,第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。
单词举例:sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的,确实的;pure [pjʊər] adj. 纯的; 单纯的
(7)/əʊ/发音技巧
舌位由半低到高,口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。
单词举例: flow [fləu] :vi. 流;glow [ɡləʊ] :vi. 发光,灼热
(8)/aʊ/发音技巧
由第一个音向第二个音滑动,接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。
单词举例:cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛,乳牛;hour [aʊər] n. 小时,钟头
辅音
点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标(辅音部分),发音规则与技巧!美式发音,地道口语!清辅音,浊辅音!初级,零基础,欢迎新手!-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》
11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
注意:
清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)
浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。
(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分
发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] n.钢笔;pin [pin] n.大头针
/b/:bike [baik] n.自行车;beg [beg] v.乞求
(2)/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。
发音方法:/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/t/ :ten [ten] num; test [test] n. 试验, 考验
/d/: student [ˈstudnt] n.学生; date [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期
(3)/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。
发音方法:发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不要振动;/g/是浊辅音,声带需要振动。
单词举例:/k/ :kite [kait] n. 风筝;cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕
/g/: glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套;girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩
(4)/f/ /v/
/f/谐音“府”,/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。
发音方法:发音前,上齿咬住下嘴唇,然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,从而引起摩擦。
/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不震动;/v/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。
单词举例:/f/:flower ['flaʊər] n. 花;fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行
/v/:love [lʌv] v. 爱;seven [ˈsevən] num. 七
(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音
发音方法:发音时,舌尖微微伸出,置于上下门齿之间,舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小,气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动;/ð/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。
单词举例:/θ/:three [θri:] num. 三; throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷
/ð/:this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个,这里; mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲
(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”,/z/“zi”
发音方法:发音时舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音,声带不振动;/z/是浊浦音,声带振动。
单词举例:/s/:school [sku:l] n. 学校,学院;bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车
/z/:please [pli:z] int.请;zoo [zu:] n.动物园
(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”
发音方法:舌端先贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音,声带不振动,/dz/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/ts/:cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 );hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )
/dz/:hands [hændz] n.手;lands [lændz] n.陆地
(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”
发音方法:舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dr/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树,木料;try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图
/dr/:dress [dres] n.连衣裙;drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒
(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”
发音方法:/∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/ʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/∫/:English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的; 英国的;rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾;
/ʒ/:pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐,愉快;casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的,偶然的
(10)/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”
发音方法:发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/t∫/: chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔;chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子
/dʒ/:page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ;age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄
(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”,省去韵母成分。
发音方法:
发/h/这个音时,嘴半开,气流从口腔不受阻碍而出,声带不振动,清辅音。
发/r/这个音时,舌端上卷,靠近上齿龈附近,嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态,气流从口腔涌出,声带振动,属于浊辅音。
单词举例: /h/: hair [heə(r)] n.头发;hate [heɪt] v.恨,厌恶
/r/: sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ;write [raɪt] v.写
鼻音
点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【(21)鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》
(1)/m/谐音“恩”
发音方法:双唇紧闭,软腭下垂,气流从鼻腔发出,声带震动。闭口音。
单词举例:major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的;time [taɪm] n.时间
(2)/n/谐音“呢”
发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔发出,同时声带震动,开口音。
单词举例:nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的;funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的
(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”,省去声母部分
发音方法:发音时气流从鼻腔涌出,声带振动。
单词举例: think [θɪŋk] v.想;angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使
边音
点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》
/l/谐音“里”
发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过,声带保持震动,属于浊辅音。
单词举例:light [laɪt] n.光线 ;ball [bɔ:l] n.球
半元音
点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音|Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》
/j/谐音“耶”
发音方法:发音时声带震动,气流口腔发出。浊辅音,发音口型类似/ i/.
单词举例:ye [jes] adv.是的;young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的
/w/谐音“屋”
发音方法:嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度,并向前微噘起,但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。
单词举例:wish [wɪʃ] :v. 希望; which [wɪtʃ] :pron. 哪一个
学习步骤
抄写
抄写音标,并了解音标特点。
对音标的基本认知
1、区别长短音带“:”的音标发音相对较长不带“:”的音标发音相对较短。
2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别:清辅音声带不震动,浊辅音声带振动。
模仿练习
找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范,美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语(音标部分)——最牛的初中英语老师!没有之一!李咏梅国际音标 (完整版发音篇)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程(完整版)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》,以上几个视频都非常不错,详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍,才能确保你的学习效果。
也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
1、模仿练习,学习国际音标的发音,要注意观察老师的口型,观察发音部位的变化,主动模仿发音,初学可以对着镜子模仿练习,特别是元音发音的舌位高低,口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切,可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别,观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况,比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等,掌握准确口腔开口度,对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。
2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标,通过反反复复的听力练习,达到强化记忆。听音训练,如果有条件,可以多听老师朗读音标,也可以使用录音带反复听音,本课件中的每个音素,都可以循环倾听,强化记忆。
3、多动口,动口是加强实践的关键和核心,听音也好,模仿也好,比较也好,最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来,所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说,"三天不写手生,三天不念口生",说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标,要时时加强语音训练,勤动口,反复实践练习,在实践中比较,在实践中体会差别,做到熟能生巧,这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。
重点音标讲解
单元音
[i:] =“一”
[ɪ]:[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大,注意比较两图口型。
[e] 嘴张45°,[æ]嘴张90°
[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”
[ə]=额(不卷舌)
[ʌ]:开口比“啊”略小
[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”
[ɑ] =“啊”
[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”
[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”
[u:]核心:双唇由半开微突,过渡到合嘴圆唇
[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。
双元音
双元音较简单,大多数可进行类比,注意双元音的重音在第一个音标,即前一个音读的稍重,后一个音读的较轻。
[eɪ]=“A”
[aɪ]=“I”
[əʊ]=“O”
[ɔɪ]=“哦一”
[ɪə]=ear
[eə]=air
[ʊə]=“乌尔”
辅音
大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处,直接看视频模仿即可,这里只讲解易错发音。
爆破音:
[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意:它们声带不震动
摩擦音:
[f][v] 咬唇音,注意上齿咬下唇
[θ][ð]
上下齿轻咬舌头,发音时能看到你的舌头露出
[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”
[r]=撅嘴+卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音+舌头平放的“喝”
鼻音
[m] 合嘴
[n] 舌前部抵住上颚
[ŋ] 嘴巴张开
舌侧音[l]
元音前:跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后:发“l”的前半段
半元音
[j] “也”
[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”
破擦音
[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”
[dʒ]= “居”
[ts]=不发声的“次”
[dz]=“子”
[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起
[dr] 同上
词汇拼读
1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。
2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。
3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。
例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency
学习计划
1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。
2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。
3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。
注意事项
1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型
学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。
零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。
2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误
养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。
3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律
训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。
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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 /ǀ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标(长元音)-哔哩哔哩】 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看见,参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BsecdiMMYoke62xG0Lkcik9snKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音发音技巧:/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUoSdueMqoIYkAxgdQTcnBxBnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/eɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyYCdiUwooQQuKxUDZccsKHLnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"该音是个双元音,发音时双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZKEwdAkUGoA4iIxpX5EcLq3KnrH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:say[sei] v.说;delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 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/h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] 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throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ð/:this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个,这里; mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 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hat的名词复数 ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/:hands [hændz] n.手;lands [lændz] n.陆地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmSdKgc0oK828xcVxeci6yGnOg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":289,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fdc13488fbc4d59a98f9f0713aefe7c","width":450},"text":"","id":"P8KydWaQYo8qWUxQppkc4qdhngb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7a93711b0e46cc83a527c60d527179","width":451},"text":"","id":"PkmQd6QMeoIcCIxoQSfcvdqVnmb"}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dr/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树,木料;try [traɪ] vt.u0026 vi. 试图 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/:dress [dres] n.连衣裙;drink [drɪŋk] 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垃圾;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGIidicIkoCGCKxKo0PcQBYlnhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ʒ/:pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐,愉快;casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的,偶然的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwwIdAKiooqy2Cxak94c5PDbnGg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8f332b0d40c74d34ae86cb1fa3ca05e7","width":454},"text":"","id":"DwsYdMccsog0iYxISsfcHUVinNH"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":228,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f540e592612a4386a861f7ad67e4073c","width":453},"text":"","id":"ISiYdkQoGoGQe0xKa7JcQsU3n3d"}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(10)/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0gWdO4iMoCAaoxYfM3cC5m6n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/t∫/: chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔;chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NK0ydWy0SoseSyxGoJMcJWW5nLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dʒ/:page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ;age [eɪdʒ] 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/r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”,省去韵母成分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/h/这个音时,嘴半开,气流从口腔不受阻碍而出,声带不振动,清辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/r/这个音时,舌端上卷,靠近上齿龈附近,嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态,气流从口腔涌出,声带振动,属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: /h/: hair [heə(r)] n.头发;hate [heɪt] v.恨,厌恶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/: sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ;write [raɪt] 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n.时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGuudoKUeogKgKxS8ZUcakUsnYg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f85c67957ccc46bdaa291f21c4945bbf","width":453},"text":"","id":"JSAAdM6wSo6uSUxQzE5cb42LnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/n/谐音“呢”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsCId8QaAou0OwxCavicqQUSnLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔发出,同时声带震动,开口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2GAdKKSGoCuWIxQdrXctfW6nvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的;funny [ˈfʌni] 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8uCdoCuco8aeGxkXIScGUjtnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/l/谐音“里”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EkeKdas6eoQ8msxawD1cdzE7n6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过,声带保持震动,属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIWkd0eeuoiCGqx6rikckQCtnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:light [laɪt] n.光线 ;ball [bɔ:l] 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8yIdi2Ego4uoyxmUgXcTisJn0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/j/谐音“耶”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J2ScdIcYUouWkWxiojWcdJ1KnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时声带震动,气流口腔发出。浊辅音,发音口型类似/ i/.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QmQMd4CA2o0cWYxeKdicdK2bn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:ye [jes] adv.是的;young [jʌŋ] 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哪一个","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N8yMd808YogkeYxS8Bzcw8AnnZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/752d066e3d624ac5a0a385ff5a02f131","width":453},"text":"","id":"A2EAdkoKaoKUE8xCUKAcaFHvnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGmUduwi2o4WWcxW8UAcAtf6nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyQmdY0woowyiWxQtzSct7zAn95"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写音标,并了解音标特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKeud2iiGoSqEAxWbELcjRpgnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对音标的基本认知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RaimdAOiYoEG8SxSmf2ceFeonGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、区别长短音带“:”的音标发音相对较长不带“:”的音标发音相对较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z2ScdmyGqomYqaxyqkdcLdq3nhL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别:清辅音声带不震动,浊辅音声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYY8dyIYwo8OyAxcjYfcWTgKn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8YAdU2MgoEgOGxKAYHckkUAn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范,美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】》、《【李咏梅老师英语(音标部分)——最牛的初中英语老师!没有之一!李咏梅国际音标 (完整版发音篇)-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程(完整版)-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》,以上几个视频都非常不错,详细讲解每个音标的读法。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"注意视频一定至少跟读5遍,才能确保你的学习效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS4ydK4S6oiIQmxu0vncRSQHnMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IuCAd8Eeao4kYCxCirecwybinKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmAd4gewoQWIUxKQ07cNUeEnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、模仿练习,学习国际音标的发音,要注意观察老师的口型,观察发音部位的变化,主动模仿发音,初学可以对着镜子模仿练习,特别是元音发音的舌位高低,口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切,可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别,观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况,比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等,掌握准确口腔开口度,对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcymdwOWCo6CIGxa2tecRpqyncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标,通过反反复复的听力练习,达到强化记忆。听音训练,如果有条件,可以多听老师朗读音标,也可以使用录音带反复听音,本课件中的每个音素,都可以循环倾听,强化记忆。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N242dAYGAoY4MIxCel4c7gT7nOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、多动口,动口是加强实践的关键和核心,听音也好,模仿也好,比较也好,最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来,所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说,"三天不写手生,三天不念口生",说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标,要时时加强语音训练,勤动口,反复实践练习,在实践中比较,在实践中体会差别,做到熟能生巧,这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8AGdQweWo6Eq4xwZQpcAzqTnGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点音标讲解","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYgkdUaewoSIquxc48NcmqD7nQy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YW4wdUskoocOAwxuatBcuFsWn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[i:] 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=“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOUkd82oyoSQK2xGU3Yc38ITngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BY4wdeQqqoy6C6xqo3wc8LQdnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VieGd4caOoI2eIxKk63cHfKcnEh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47f4542a00f04f7aae6be6656657cf8c","width":114},"text":"","id":"IE8cdeAC4oMySuxgcAocFfSanZ3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89ec169b38a04ab99190b396206e9400","width":98},"text":"","id":"UyMSdui2WoASQExMfVZcTvLqnrd"}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[u:]核心:双唇由半开微突,过渡到合嘴圆唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音较简单,大多数可进行类比,注意双元音的重音在第一个音标,即前一个音读的稍重,后一个音读的较轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eɪ]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[aɪ]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[əʊ]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔɪ]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪə]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eə]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊə]=“乌尔”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处,直接看视频模仿即可,这里只讲解易错发音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意:它们声带不震动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音,注意上齿咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][ð]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齿轻咬舌头,发音时能看到你的舌头露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴+卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音+舌头平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上颚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ŋ] 嘴巴张开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌侧音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前:跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后:发“l”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E我想先背英语四六级单词?
我是英语万能王,我来回答问题。
对于你提出我准备上大学了,我想先背英语四六级单词,该选哪本单词书的问题,给予你一些分析建议供你参考。
对于大学生来说,在大学期间必做的一件事情就是要参加四六级英语考试,那么如何更早更快地通过四六级考试显得尤为重要。
对于你即将要上大学了,提前了解和准备四六级英语考试很有必要,你想到要提前背诵英语单词,说明你是一个很有计划安排的学生。
背诵单词是所有英语考试中必备的首要任务,好的开始则是成功的一半。关于备考四六级英语考试,应该选哪本单词书比较好?
事实上,世面上出售的四六级英语词汇书都是可以用来备考的,大部分的词汇书都是大同小异。但我个人建议你应该选择乱序版的英语词汇书,这样你每天背诵的单词没有重复性,也不会混淆,而且背诵效率也会更高。
相反,如果选择顺序版的词汇书,则会导致你每天背诵的单词都是以A字母或是B字母开头的单词,是很容易混淆,时间长了后很容易忘记。
其次,在备考四六级英语考试过程中,除了背诵英语单词以外,你还需要重点复习英语语法知识和练习四六级英语考试真题。
建议你买一本和四六级英语考试相关的语法书,英语语法知识里要重点复习10大类词性(名词、动词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词、数词、代词、介词、感叹词)的用法;16大时态及被动语态用法;简单句、并列句、复杂句的用法等。语法知识要达到完全理解概念性含义及会正确运用语法知识的目的。
购买近5~8年来的历年四六级英语考试真题试卷,建议你在考前三个月要大量地练习真题试卷,因为真题里的题型和内容和真实考试中的题型和内容是很相似的,对于备考四六级英语考试有很大的价值。
如果平时练习真题的成绩不错的话,在真实的四六级英语考试中也会获取优异的成绩。所以,好好利用四六级英语考试真题是广大考生通过四六级英语考试必备的法宝之一。
最后,希望以上对于你提出想背四六级英语考试的词汇,应该选哪一本书的问题,给予你的分析建议可以帮到你。谢谢!
喜欢你粤语发音标准版?
声母b波 p婆 m摸 f科 d多 t拖 n挪 l罗 1、b 发音时上下唇闭拢,闭住一口气,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出来,与普通话中b的发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的b相对应。我们还是看一些例子吧,(汉字后面是广州话拼音,上标表示声调,注意这是粤语的声调,不是普通话的声调。 点击可听到发音)。 班ban1 波bo1 杯bui1 把ba2 表biu22、p 发音时口形与b相同,但从双唇冲出的气流较强(语言学上所谓不送气与送气之分),与普通话中p的发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的p相对应。例 怕pa3 破po3 皮péi4 平ping4 排pai43、m 发音时先将嘴唇闭拢,声带振动,让气流从鼻孔出来,然后滑向韵母,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的m相对应。例: 摩mo1 妈ma1 埋mai4 问men6 名ming44、f 发音时下嘴唇紧贴上门齿,让气流从唇齿间挤出来,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也与普通话的f、k、h相对应。例: 花fa1 分fen1 快fai3 火fo2 风fung15、d 发音时舌尖顶住牙床,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的d相对应。例: 大dai6 地déi6 丁ding1 多do1 当dong16、t 发音时口形与d相同,但冲出的气流较强,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的t相对应。例 条tiu4 他ta1 拖to1 土tou2 叹tan37、n 发音时舌尖顶住上牙床,声带振动,让气流从鼻孔出来,然后滑向韵母,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的n相对应。例: 你néi2 难nan4 努nou5 暖nün5 懦no6 注意:n在广州话中通常与l相混,把声母为n的都念为l如“你”念成“里”,“难”念成“兰”。这是一种“懒音”现象。8、l 发音时舌尖顶住上牙床,声带振动,让气流从舌边流出,与普通话发音相同,所管的字也大致与普通话的l相对应,如上述,普通话读n的字在广州话中也可以读l。例: 烂lan6 了liu5 老lou5 龙lung4 乱lün6g哥 k卡 gu姑 ku箍 ng我 h何 1、g 发音时先让舌跟顶住上腭后部,然后让较弱的气流突然冲出来,与普通话发音相同,与所管的字普通话g、j部分对应。例: 哥go1 跟gen1 工gung1 家ga1 经ging12、k 发音口形与g相同,只是冲出的气流较强,与普通话发音相同,所管的字与普通话的k、q、j部分对应。例: 抗kong3 卡ka1 其kéi4 倾king1 距kêu53、gu 发音时舌位与g相同,只是嘴唇圆拢,很像普通话的音节gu,但在粤语中它是作为声母使用,所管字与普通话声母为g、介韵为u的字对应。例: 关guan1 广guong2 瓜gua1 贵guei3 怪guai34、ku 发音时舌位时k相同,只是嘴唇圆拢,很像普通话的音节ku,但在粤语中它是作为声母使用,所管字与普通话声母和k、介韵为u的字对应。例: 跨kua1 困kuen3 群kuen4 亏kuei1 旷kuong35、ng 发音时舌跟顶住上腭后部,即与发g时将同,但舌头保持不动,让气流从鼻腔流出,然后滑向韵母。普通话中没有这个声母,但有以这个音为韵尾的韵母,其实它们舌位是相同的,发普通话韵母ang时,到最后ng那个鼻音就是这个音,只不过在粤语中这个可以作声母,后面再与韵母相拼,大家要细心体会。ng所管的字与普通话“零声母”对应,零声母指没有声母。y、w开头的音节也算是“零声母”,部分与ng对应。例: 安ngon1 牛ngeo4 暗ngem3 我ngo5 瓦nga5注意:粤语中也有“零声母”,而且,粤语中零声母与声母ng有相混的现象(几个语气助词,如啊、哦,唉等除外),ng声母的字经常被读成零声母字,如安on1 我o5,读零声母的趋势在年轻人特别是香港的年轻人中尤为明显,这也是一种懒音现象。6、h 发音时口微张开,舌跟放松稍向后,作呵气的样子,让气流从口中呼出。这个音与普通话中的h很相似,但又不相同,区别在于粤语的h不必像普通话那样舌跟顶住后腭产生摩擦,发音时尽量放松,与英语中的h相同。h所管的字与普通话h、x部分对应。例: 哈ha1 海hoi2 汉hon3 希héi1 香hêng1j知 q雌 x思 z左 c初 s梳 这里有两组声母,即j、q、x和z、c、x,其实只能说是一组,因为j、q、x和z、c、x的发音是完全相同的,不像普通话那样有分别。但为什么还要设立两组声母呢?为的是使拼式尽量与普通话接近,便于学习。其中j、q、x与i、ü开头的韵母相平,而z、c、x,则与其他的韵母相拼。至于这组声母的发音,还是由我详细为大家解释。1、z(j) 发音时舌尖靠齿背,靠近舌尖的舌面向上牙床和硬腭前部靠拢,然后稍微离开,让较弱的气流挤出产生摩擦。这个音既不是普通话的z也不是普通话的j,而是介于两者之间,即舌头比z又要后一点,比j要前一点。z(j)管字大致与普通话的z、zh、j对应。例: 在zoi6 早zou2 之ji1 站zam6 箭jin3c(q) 发音时舌位与z(j)相同,但冲出的气流较强,形成“送气音”,像z(j)一样,c(q)是介于普通话话c与q之间的一个音。c(q)管字大致与普通话c、ch、q对应。例: 次qi3 错co3 长cêng4 车cé1 情qing4s(x) 发音时舌尖及靠近舌尖的舌面向上牙床和硬腭前部靠近,之间形成一道窄缝,让气流从中挤出。s(x)是介于普通话s和x之间的一个音。s(x)管字大致与普通话s、sh、x对应。例: 三sam1 四séi3 沙sa1 山san1 先xin1j、q、x和z、c、x是发音完全一样的,不是两组声母。如果你觉得准确把握它们的发音可以较难,那么你不妨就把他们读作普通话的z、c、s吧,其实差别不大,只是听起来好像“尖”了一点,慢慢体会吧,“欲速则不达”。y也 w华 y 发音时舌面中前部尽量向硬腭抬起,声带振动,气流呼出时产生较轻的磨擦。这个音很像普通话中的y,但磨擦稍强。y在普通话中只是i的变体,不是声母,而在粤语中y是一个声母。y管字与普通话y开头的字对应。例: 衣yi1 圆yun4 人yen4 又yeo6 要yiu3w 发音时双唇圆拢,舌根高提,靠近软腭,气流呼出时产生轻微的磨擦。像y一样,w在粤语中是作为声母,而在普通话w中只是作为u的变体,w的发音也与普通话中的w向相似,只是嘴唇收拢较紧,磨擦稍强。w管字与普通话w开头及读音为yun的字对应。例: 乌wu1 弯wan1 王wong4 为wei4 云wen4韵母a呀 o柯 u乌 i衣 ū于 ê(靴) é诶 a 发音时嘴张大,舌头位置放得很低,嘴唇呈自然状态,不圆,让气流呼出。比普通话a张口稍大。管字与普通话a、ia、ua对应。例: 花fa1 他ta1 家ga1 华wa4 马ma5o 发音时舌头略向后缩,嘴唇拢圆,让气流呼出。比普通话o张口更大。管字与普通话o、uo、e对应。例: 播bo3 火fo2 多do1 贺ho6 和wo4u 发音时舌头向后缩,舌后部抬高,接近软腭,双唇尽量拢成圆形,向前突出,中间只留一个小孔让气流呼出。与普通话的u大体相同。管字对应于普通话u的部分字。例: 姑gu1 古gu2 夫fu1 富fu3 苦fu2i 发音时舌尖抬高,逼近齿背,舌面前部抬高,接近软腭,嘴唇不圆,与普通话i大体相同。管字与普通话i部分字给er对应。例: 诗xi1 丝xi1 知ji1 痴qi1 儿yi4ü 发音舌位与i相同,只是嘴唇像u一样圆拢,与普通话ü大体相同。管字与普通话zh、ch、sh、r双拼的u及音节yu。ü与相拼j、q、x、y时省略两点。例: 住ju6 处qu5 鼠xu2 如yu4 遇yu6ê 发音时舌位与é相同,张口比é稍大,嘴唇圆拢,让气流呼出。这个音普通话中没有,对北方人来说有点难度,发音关键之处是圆唇。ê管字很少,普通话的üe、uo部分对应。例: 靴hê1 朵dê2é 发音时口微张,舌尖下垂至下齿背,舌面前面向硬腭前部抬起,嘴唇不圆,让气流呼出。与普通话的ê(唉,ie的韵腹或ei的韵头)相同。管字与普通话的ie,e部分对应。例: 夜yé6 谢zé6 写sé2 车cé1 社sé5ai挨 ei矮 oi哀 ui会 iu妖 éi(非) ai 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后音i。与普通话中ai发音相近,但其中a比普通话ai中的a张口稍大,口音i张口也较大。管字与普通话ai部分对应。例: 摆bai2 排pai4 猜cai1 怀wai4 快fai3ei 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后音i。ei不是普通话中的ei,普通话中没有这个音,e与普通话中的e发音不同,e发音有点像a,但张口比a小,舌头靠后,发音也比a短。管字主要与普通话i对应。例: 丽lei6 米mei5 制zei3 世sei3 系hei6oi 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后音i。oi这个音虽然在普通话中没有,但它构成的音素短简单,因此应该不难掌握,与英语boy中后面的音相同。管字与普通话ai部分对应。例: 代doi6 该goi1 来loi4 菜coi3 台toi4ui 发音时先发前音u,然后滑向后音i。粤语ui与普通话ui不同,普通话ui是uei的简写,不是真正的u i,粤语才是真正的ui,注意分辩。管字与普通话ei、ui部分对应。例: 每mui5 杯bui1 培pui4 灰fui1 回wui4iu 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向后音u。这个音与普通话中的iu有点相似,但又不相同,普通话中的iu是iou的简写(但在一些音节,如xiu、jiu中o的发音很微弱),因此发粤语的iu要注意中间不要带这个o音。管字与普通话ao、iao部分对应。例: 超qiu1 少xiu3 照jiu3 表biu2 鸟niu5éi 发音时先发前音é,然后滑向后音i。éi发音与普通话中ei大体相同。管字主要与普通话i和ei对应。例: 记géi3 起héi2 四séi3 美méi5 非féi1ao拗 eo欧 ou奥 êu(去) ao 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后音u。ao的前音a比普通话a张口稍大,后音其实不是o(设计方案时为了避免au与an手写体混淆,故作ao)也不纯粹是u,而是比u张口大一点的一个元音国际音标作大写的〔U]。总的说来,这个音与普通话ao发音相近,只要发音时张口稍大一点就可以了。管钟肫胀ɑ瘾o、iao部分对应。例: 搞gao2 考hao2 包bao1 交gao1 校hao6eo 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后音u,e如前一课所述,它不是普通话中的e,而是一个张口较小、发音较短的a音,后音不是o而是u(设计成eo同样是为了避免手写时与en混淆),这个u张口比ao中的u要小,比较接近纯粹的u音。普通话中没有eo这个音,它听起来像是介于ao与ou的音。管住大致对应普通话ou、iu及u的少数字。例: 后heo6 够geo3 又yeo6 九geo2 浮feo4ou 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后音u。这个音与普通话中的ou大体相同。管字与普通话ao、u部分对应。例:到dou3 号hou6 高gou1 度dou6 数sou3êu 发音时先发前ê,然后滑向后音ü。后音其实是ü而不是u(设计成êu是为了减少附加符号),普通话中没有这个韵母,发好这个音关键是发好ê这个音。管字与普通话ü部分对应。例:虚hêu1 去hêu3 吕lêu5 追zêu1 居gêu1an晏 en(恩) on安 un碗 in烟 ūn冤 ên(春) an 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音和普通话中的an筇逑嗤?9茏钟肫胀ɑ瘾n、ian、uan部分对应。例:办ban6 产can2 间gan1 限han6 还wan4en 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向鼻音n。和前边和带e韵母一样,这个e不是普通话的e,它是张口较少,发音较短的a音,它的张口又要比普通话的e大,舌头靠前一点,粤语en这个音听起来像介于普通话an和en之间。管字与普通话en、in、ün部分对应。例:奔ben1 粉fen2 因yen1 斤gen1 军guen1on 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向鼻音n。普通话中虽然没有这个音,但它构成很简单,应该不难掌握,和英语John后面的音大体相同。管字与普通话an部分对应。 按on3 罕hon2 干gon1 汉hon3 寒hon4un 发音时先发前音u,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音与普通话un不同,普通话un是uen的简写,中间有一个e音,发粤语的un时,注意中间不要带e音,发完u后迅速转向鼻音n。管字与普通话an、uan、en部分对应。例: 半bun3 满mun5 欢fun1 官gun1 本bun2in 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向鼻音n。in的与普通话的in大体相同。管字与普通话ian部分对应。例:边bin1 浅qin2 电din6 见gin3 年nin4ün 发音时先发前音ü,然后滑向鼻音n。这个音与普通话的ün大体相同。管字与普通话uan、üan、un部分对应。与相拼j、q、x、y时ü上两点省略例:船xun4 乱lün6 娟gün1 原yun4 村qun1ên 发音时先发前ê,然后滑向鼻音n。管字与普通话un、ün、in部分对应。例:春cên1 唇sên4 俊zên3 迅sên3 进zên3ang(横) eng莺 ong(康) ung瓮 ing英 êng(香) éng(镜) ang 发音时先发前音a,然后滑向后鼻音ng。这个音与普通话的ang发音大体相同,只是a张口稍大。这个韵母管字不多,与普通话eng部分对应,猛mang2 孟mang6 冷lang5 鹏pang4 横wang4eng 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向后鼻音ng。这个韵母与普通话eng不同,前边已经说过多次,粤语中的e不同于普通话的e,它是张口较小,发音较短的a音,但比普通话e张口要大,因此eng像是介于普通话ang和eng之间。管字与普通话eng、ing部分对应。例:层ceng4 能neng4 赠zeng6 凭peng4 幸heng6ong 发音时先发前音o,然后滑向后鼻音ng。粤语的ong与普通话的ong完全不同,与普通话ong对应的是ung,不过如果你学习过英语的话,我想你不会对这个音感到陌生,英语中long后边的音就是ong。ong管字与普通话ang、iang、uang部分对应。例:刚gong1 当dong1 江gong1 降gong3 黄wong44、ung 发音时先发前u,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ung与普通话ong发音接近,只是ung张口稍大。管字与普通话ong及eng部分对应。例:东dung1 红hung4 龙lung4 风fung1 碰pung35、ing 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ing中的i比单韵母i张口稍大,因此ing发音不同于普通话的ing,像是介于普通话ing、eng之间的音。管字大致与普通话ing、eng对应。例:英ying1 兴hing1 经ging1 称qing1 成xing46、êng 发音时先发前音ê,然后滑向后鼻音ng。ê这个音已经出现了可几次,应该不陌生了,êng中的ê和其他复合韵母一样。êng管字与普通话ang、iang部分对应。例:常sêng4 长cêng4 张zêng1 两lêng5 娘nêng4éng 发音时先发前音é,然后滑向后鼻音ng。éng这个韵母管字很少,主要是少数字的口语读音,与普通话ing部分对应。例:病béng6 请céng2 镜géng3 饼béng2 井zéng2 am(监) em庵 im淹 am 发音时先发前音a然后滑向双唇鼻音m。这组韵母的难点就在于双唇鼻音m这个韵尾,因为普通话中并没有这个韵尾,关键是发音到最后要把嘴闭起来。管字与普通话an、ian部分,担dam1 男nam4 蓝lam4 咸ham4 减gam2em 发音时先发前音e,然后滑向双唇鼻音m。e这个音前边已经讲述多次,不必再说了,要发好这个音,关键还是发音到最后要闭嘴。管字与普通话in、en、an部分对应。例:心sem1 金gem1 深sem1 怎zem2 敢gem2im 发音时先发前音i,然后滑向双唇鼻音m。这个韵母听起来有点像in不同的地方就在于发音到最后双唇闭合。管字与普通话an、ian部分对应。例:占jim3 染yim5 兼gim1 点dim2 甜tim4在古代汉语中是存在m韵尾的,但再现在北方话中,m韵尾已经归并到n中,因此,学习广东话不但掌握这些韵母较难,而且要分辨哪些字是n韵尾,哪些字是m韵尾更难,所以大家要多看多记。ad押 ed(不) od(渴) ud活 id热 üd月 êd(律) 以b、d、g三个辅音字母结尾的韵母在语言学上称为“促声韵”。促声韵在现代北方话中已经消失。ad 发音时先发前音a,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话a、ia、ua部分对应。例:八bad3 发fad3 杀sad3 压ngad3 滑wad6ed 发音时先发前音e,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。ed听起来有点像ad,但比ad张口小而且发音较短。管字与普通话a、üe、i、u部分对应。例:拔bed6 罚fed6 掘gued6 一yed1 不bed1od 发音时先发前音o,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。od管字极少,与普通话e部分对应。例:葛god3 喝hod3 渴hod3 割god3ud 发音时先发前音u,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话o、uo部分字对应,例:拨bud6 没mud6 沫mud6 活wud6 阔fud3id 发音时先发前音i,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话e、ie部分对应。例:热yid6 舌xid3 设qid3 别bid6 洁gid3üd 发音时先发前音ü,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。管字与普通话uo、üe部分对应。在与j、q、x、y相拼时上ü两点省略。例:说xud3 夺düd3 脱tüd3 月yud6 决küd3êd 发音时先发前音ê,然后舌尖顶住牙床,堵塞气流,即作将发d状,但之后舌头不离开牙床,不爆破。其中ê比单韵母ê张口稍大。管字与普通话ü、uai、i部分对应。例:律lêd6 率sêd1 恤sêd1 摔sêd1 栗lêd6ag(客) eg(德) og恶 ug屋 ig益 êg(约) ég(尺) ag 发音时先发前音a,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话a、ua、o、uo、e、i、ai部分对应,例:帕pag3 划wag6 伯bag3 或wag6 册cag3eg 发音时先发前音e,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。eg发音与ag相似,但张口较小,发音较短。管字与普通话o、e、ai、ei部分对应。例:墨meg6 得deg1 麦meg6 北beg1 黑heg1og 发音时先发前音o,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话o、e、üe、u、ao部分对应。例:薄bog6 各gog3 角gog3 扑pog3 剥mog1ug 发音时先发前音u,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话u、ü、ou、iu部分对应。例:毒dug6 福fug1 绿lug6 肉yug6 六lug6ig 发音时先发前音i,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。其中i的发音比单韵母i张口稍大。管字与普通话e、i、ü部分对应。例:的dig1 色xig1 亿yig1 激gig1 域wig6êg 发音时先发前音ê,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话uo、üe、iao部分对应。例:若yêg6 桌zêg3 却kêg3 约yêg3 脚gêg3ég 发音时先发前音é,然后用舌间跟顶住上腭后部,堵塞气流,即作发g状,但之后舌跟不离开上腭,不爆破。管字与普通话i部分对应。例:只zég3 石ség6 吃hég3 笛dég6 脊zég3 ab鸭 eb(急) ib叶 ab 发音时先发前音a,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。管字与普通话a、ia部分对应。例:插cab3 答dab3 腊lab3 甲gab3 鸭ngab3eb 发音时先发前音e,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。eb发音与ab相近,但张口比ab小,发音较短。管字与普通话e、i部分对应。例:合heb6 汁zeb1 湿seb1 急geb1 给keb1ib 发音时先发前音i,然后双唇闭合,堵塞气流,作发b状,但之后不爆破。管字与普通话e、ie部分对应。例:摄xib3 接jib3 劫gib3 协hib6 业yib6 m唔 ng五,这是两个很特殊的韵母,称为自成音节鼻音韵母。m 发音时双唇闭合,让气流从鼻腔呼出。这是一个自成音节的鼻音韵母,不再与其他声母相拼。在粤语中m这个音节只有一个字“唔”(不),但它非常常用。唔m4ng 发音时舌跟顶住上腭后部,让气流从鼻腔呼出。ng也是一个自成音节的鼻音韵母,不再与其他声母双拼。在粤语中ng这个音节的字很少,与普通话音节wu部分对应。例:误ng6 午ng5 吴ng4 五ng5 伍ng5 ai3曱zai2(蟑螂)乸(母,如母猪:猪乸)
如何看待班级部分孩子因为背不下单词而放弃英语?
你好,我是一名英语学习爱好者,我读书的时候,其他科目都很优秀,唯独英语很差,每次中考高考都是拖后腿的那一科。我30岁的时候决定重拾英语,并用了大半年时间自学,从英语渣渣变成英语达人,并成立自媒体创业,希望我的回答能帮到初三的孩子们。
以下是我想对初三的学弟学妹们说的心声:
1.你所放弃的现在,是我回不去的曾经作为过来人,我非常负责任地告诉你,学英语确实不容易。但是不好好学英语,未来的人生可供选择的路就少了很多。
你可能会说,我将来不出国, 不从事跟英语有关的工作不就行了?
然而现实是很残酷的。
a)影响毕业择校
英语作为中考高考最主要的科目,不好好学好英语,英语拖后腿,必定也大大限制你择校的范围。记得我高考的时候,英语才101分(满分150分),要是我当年英语能高13分,我就能踏入广东省最出名的中山大学了。
b)限制你的就业
就算你以后不从事英语类工作,英语能力也作为很多企业的录取门槛。
很多HR在招聘的时候,非常看重英语能力,对于比较好的企业,英语四六级已经是最低限度的要求。更好的企业(很多优秀的民企和外资企业),更是非常青睐有雅思等国际英语认证考试的优等生。
不是说这些企业需要用英语,但是面对众多的应聘者,具备良好的英语能力,能助你在激烈的求职竞争中脱颖而出。
如果你以后需要考研再就业,英语也是必考科目。
c)学习实苦,但是如果不好好学,以后更苦
我读书的时候英语也很差,也没有给予足够的重视。直到出来工作后,在找工作、海淘、出国旅游等各种需要用到英语的场合,我才意识到英语非常重要,才后悔为什么当年没有好好学好英语。
然而,我跟你们不同的是,你们现在的任务只需要好好学习就是了,你们可以全身心投入到学习中,你们精力旺盛,记忆力好。
而到了我这个阶段,要兼顾工作,而且记忆力也不如你们,要重新习得英语就困难很多。丢了工作学英语,我就没有收入;一边工作再学英语,就太慢太费劲了。
直到2019年初,我因为赚到一点钱,于是我才辞职,并给自己一年时间重拾和习得英语。我拜读了各路英语大咖的学英语方法书,也总结了很多学英语的技巧和方法,直到现在,我才能自信地说:我真正习得了英语。那种喜悦和自豪感是无法言语的。
2.学英语是有方法的,你们只是目前找不到适合自己的方法而已我希望学弟学妹们,不要因为背单词困难,就轻易放弃英语,其实背单词是有方法的,我也摸索了10天记忆2000的英语单词的诀窍。
你们可以关注我的头条号、公众号(同头条号名),我很乐意跟你们分享我的背单词方法和其他英语学习方法。
因为方法涉及很多我用过的APP和工具,不适合在这里公开,免得有做广告的嫌疑。
但是我可以非常肯定的告诉你:如果你觉得背单词很难,那一定是你没有掌握正确的背单词姿势。等你掌握了,其实背单词算是习得英语最简单的事情了。
加油学弟学妹们,相信我,一定不要放弃,珍惜你们现在黄金学习时间。以后你一定会感激现在那个努力过的自己。
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